Exercise has positive benefits for those with diabetes. It can lower blood-sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity and strengthen the heart. Strength training, which increases muscle and reduces fat, may be particularly helpful for people with diabetes. Those with diabetes who begin a new or vigorous exercise program should have their eyes examined and should discuss footwear and heart risks with their physician.
Because people with diabetes are at higher-than-average risk for heart disease, they should check with their doctor before starting a demanding exercise program. For people who have been sedentary or who have other medical problems, lower-intensity exercises are recommended, using programs designed with the help of a doctor. Strenuous strength training or high-impact exercise is not recommended for people with uncontrolled diabetes. Such exercises can strain weakened blood vessels in the eyes of patients with retinopathy (a common diabetic complication).
High-impact exercise may also injure blood vessels in the feet. Patients who are taking medications that lower blood glucose, particularly insulin, should take special precautions before starting a workout program. Wear good, protective footwear to help avoid injuries and wounds to the feet.
Glucose levels swing dramatically during exercise. People with diabetes should monitor their levels carefully before, during, and after workouts. To avoid hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), people with diabetes may want to talk with their doctor about injecting insulin in sites away from the muscles they use the most during exercise.
Source: University of Maryland Medical Center
Good Neighbor Pharmacy Health Connection, July 2013
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